Current Issue : April-June Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 18 Articles
Bauhinia variegata Linn., (Caesalpiniaceae) commonly known as kachnar, is widely used in Ayurveda and by tribals for cure of variety of ailments. The reported activities of plant are antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antigoitrogenic activity, insecticidal activity, hepatoprotective activity and haemagglutination activity. The present work was carried out to assess the potential of Bauhinia variegata bark as anti-inflammatory agent. The petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extract of stem bark of B. variegata Linn., was tested for its anti-inflammatory activity (in-vitro) by protein denaturation method. Among the extracts, chloroform, ethanolic & aqueous extract exhibited significant activity....
Traditional system of medicine consists of wide variety of plants with various medicinal and pharmacological benefits, hence providing large number of new bioactive molecules. Hemidesmus indicus is one amongst these, widely distributed in South Asia, commonly known as “Indian sarsaparilla“. It has been recognized in different traditional system of medicines and used as official drug in I.P and B.P. Studies are being carried towards its use as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidant and helico bactericidal properties. It also protects radiation induced DNA damage. The plant found to be useful in biliousness, blood diseases, dysentery, diarrhoea, respiratory disorders, skin diseases, syphilis, fever, leprosy, leucoderma, leucorrhea, itching, bronchitis, asthma, eye diseases, epileptic fits in children, kidney and urinary disorders, loss of appetite, burning sensation, dyspepsia, nutritional disorders, ulcer and rheumatism. This review was carried out to reveal the hidden potential and its uses....
The herbal folk drugs individually or in combination have been recommended for the treatment of different disease. The C. congesta commonly known as “karanda” has been recognized in different system of traditional medicine to cure various diseases. It contains several phytochemical constituents belonging to terpenoids category. C. carandas is the best known member of the genus, as it has been used as a traditional medicinal plant over thousands of years in the Ayurvedic system of medicine as it is practiced on Indian subcontinent. Thus traditional uses of C. carandas are well established. The root is created with bitter, stomachic, antidiarrhoel and anthelmintic properties, while its leaves are prescribed in remittent fever, erache, soreness and syphilitic pain of the mouth. A tincture of fruits is used in infections and skin infections and a decoction of wood is employed as a tonic to strengthen the tendons of slim patient. The unripe fruit is used medicinally as an astringent. The ripe fruit is taken as an antiscorbutic and remedy for biliousness. Additionally C. congesta has shown wide range of evidences for its cardiotonic, hepatoprotective, free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory, histamine releasing, antirhumatic, antibacterial, antiviral and anticonvulsant activity. A higher gross heat value of this species indicates its higher potential to be used as good fuel source....
Since time immemorial alkaloids have been in use in various parts of the world for sure shot treatment or for approximate and rudimentary treatment of various ailments. They were among the earliest chemicals isolated in pure form from natural sources. Till date they are the most fancied natural chemical for scientist of various backgrounds (botanist, biochemist, pharmacognosist, pharmacologist, natural product chemist etc), because they are one of the most potent and promising bioactive chemicals, obtained from natural sources. Various alkaloids have been reported in literature for range of pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-cholinergic, hypotensive, analgesic to list a few. The quotable example is morphine which has yet to find its rival for treatment of severe pain. Worldwide drug discovery is going through a rough patch. Various models are being discussed, new approaches are emerging, synthetic drugs are enjoying good position among available options. Still natural sources can never be undermined, as most of the mainline drug molecules trace their route to natural sources directly or indirectly. In this review article an attempt has been made to compile basic and crucial information (extraction methods, thin layer chromatography and estimation) on putative secondary metabolites-alkaloids....
Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) is one of the important as well as very common herb which is normally used as a common ingredient in various Falk, Ayurvedic, Unani and Siddha system of medicines. This review article mainly contains the informations on cultivation, Harvesting chemical constituents of Tinospora and the therapeutic benefits of this plant like Antiulcer, Antidiabetic, Antiinflammatory, Anticancer, Anti AIDS, Antiallergic activities....
Herbal plants have gained increasing popularity in the last decade, and are now used by approximately 20% of the population. Herbal products are complex mixtures of organic chemicals that may come from any raw or processed part of a plant, including leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and seeds. The current review is to search literature for the pharmacological properties, safety/toxicity studies, pharmacognostic studies and phytochemical investigation of Amorphophallus campanulatus tuber. The compiled data may be helpful for the researchers to focus on the priority areas of research yet to be discovered. Complete information about the plant has been collected from various books, journals etc. Journals of the last 20 years were searched. Particulars of pharmacological activities, phytochemical isolation, toxicity studies etc. were extracted from the published reports focussing on the safety profile of the plant. Safety of the whole plant was concluded in the review....
Plants are the principal source of raw materials for plant based medicine since ancient times. The traditional herbal medicines are receiving great importance in the health care sector. In Indian system of medicine i.e, ayurveda, one of the plant Artemisia vulgaris belonging to family Asteraceae, although Artemisia vulgaris is the species most often called mugwort. It is an emmenagogue; promotes suppressed menses. Believed to increase fertility. Used for moxabustion in Chinese Medicine. Used in treatment of liver disorders and as a digestive aid (digestive bitter). Infusion taken before and/or after eating to promote digestion. Promotes sweating. Which can be a benefit when intentionally sweating out an illness; a very old healing technique when one first feels the effects of an illness. Strong infusion can be used in a bath for an invigorating bath or one before Ritual or Dreaming. The present review on Artemisia vulgaris is to know its importance with respect to pharmacognosy, pharmacology and phytochemistry in detail....
Rumex, belongs to the family Polygonaceae, is a genus with 149 species, distributed in temperate regions. Rumex maritimus, an aquatic annual herb, called as Golden dock, found in many parts of the world. In India, it is abundant in north eastern states, where it is used as vegetable and locally called as Torang Khongchak, Bonchuka or Ban Palang. In Ayurveda seeds are called as ‘Jangli Palak’ and in trade they are called as ‘Beejband’. It is also reported from few other parts of India as weed in wheat field or as vegetable used by tribes. Leaves and seeds are medicinally useful in indigenous systems of medicine and in folklore too. It is reported that seeds of Sida cordifolia and Abutilon indicum are also used as ‘Beejband’. Phytochemical constituents of seeds are reported. Cytotoxic, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities of seeds were studied. Though the seeds are commercially available, useful in indigenous systems of medicine and also used by AYUSH industries as active herbal raw material, scientific study on this plant is scarce. This article describes the pharmacognostical characters of seeds or fruits. Diagnostic features of the fruits are the presence of 2 or 4 needle like appendages and a tubercle in each of the persistent tepal. Microscopically, undifferentiated and single veined tubercle is the characteristic feature. Achenes are triangular in CS with two cotyledons embedded in the starchy endosperm. The substitutes, S. cordifolia and A. indicum do not have persistent calyx lobes, tubercles or needle like appendages, thus they can be easily identified with their morphological characters itself....
India has a rich tradition of plant-based knowledge on healthcare. A large number of plants/plant extracts/decoctions or pastes are equally used by tribals and folklore traditions in India for treatment of cuts, wounds, and burns. Herbal medicines have been used from the earliest times to the present day. Calotropis procera Linn. is an ayurvedic plant which is used in several traditional medicines to treat a variety of diseases. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant C. procera was known as “Rakta arka”. The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of C. procera is processed and used in the commercial preparation of eye tonics. In this review an attempt has been done to highlight the work on C. procera having pharmacological potential....
Natural products plays a major role in the drug discovery and development for new pharmaceuticals, as clinically useful drugs, as starting materials to produce synthetic drugs, or as lead compounds from which a totally synthetic drug can be designed. Several Chemical compounds have been extracted and identified from its specie known as Lantana camara (L .camara). In view of the fact that ancient time, plants have been a tremendous source of medicine. Since very long time Lantana camara is reported to be used in traditional medicine system for the treatment of itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, cataract, eczema and rheumatism. Different parts of the plants are used in the treatment of cold, headache, chicken pox, eye injuries, whooping cough, asthma, bronchitis and arterial hypertension. The present review is an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its, phytochemistry, traditional uses and therapeutically studies....
Fabaceae is regarded as the modern and accepted name of the family of which mimosa belongs. Mimosa pudica Linn, the whole plant is used traditionally for the cure of different types of diseases by the villagers. The plant is easy available as it has wide geographical distribution globally in almost every climatic condition. Every part of the plant contains a number of constituents like-alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids tannins, carbohydrates etc. The therapeutic potential of the plant have been proved scientifically like- anti-histaminic activity, diuretic activity, anti-oxidant activity, hyperglycemic activity etc. this paper explains the evidence based information regarding the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the plant....
The present investigation was designed to assess the Pharmacognostical And Phytochemical Investigations On Sphaeranthus indicus (Family: Astraceae), commonly known as Gorakhmundi.S. indicus is a branched, hairy and strongly scented herb with spathulate, sessile leaves and pinkish purple flowers.Leaf shows both simple (uni-multicellular) and glandular type of trichomes. Powdered drug shows large number of various types of trichomes, pollen grains in pollen sacs and Guard cell stomata. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract revealed the presence of different types of compounds including flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponin, glycoside and tannin....
Syzygium cumini (Linn.) Skeels (family myrtaceae), commonly known as jamun, is a large evergreen beautiful tree of Indian subcontinent. The seed of Syzygium cumini is considered as an antidiabetic in folklore medicine. In present investigation, the detailed microscopic evaluation and physicochemical analysis of Syzygium cumini seed is carried out to lay down the standards which could be useful in future experimental studies. Fresh seed samples and dried power of the seed were studied macroscopically and microscopically. Preliminary phytochemical investigation and quantitative estimation of flavonoid content was performed. Other WHO recommended parameters for standardizations were also performed. The microscopic and physiochemical analysis of the Syzygium cumini seed is useful in standardization for quality, purity and sample identification....
Butea monosperma (Fabaceae) is widely distributed plant all over India and has been used by triable as well a local people. Butea monosperma is extensively used plant in Ayurvedic, Unani and Homeopathic medicines, different parts of the plants are useful in filariasis, night blindness, helminthiasis, diarrhea, dysentery, sore throat, snake bite, astringent, diuretic, treatment of liver disorders. The present study deals with the preliminary investigation and antibacterial activity of flower of Butea monosperma, an important medicinal tree in India. The present work informs about the medicinally active substances present in solvent-extracts obtained from flowers of Butea monosprema. The active substances were extracted by maceration process and identified by phytochemical test and the antibacterial activity of hydro-alcoholic extract was studied by disc diffusion method against pathogenic bacteria viz., Escherichia coli....
The present study was aimed to investigate the Phytochemicals and Antioxidant potential of various crude extracts of leaves of Ricinus Communis Linn. The Phytochemical screening showed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tepenoids, steroids, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, saponins ,tannins and phenolic compounds. The antioxidant property of the extracts was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method....
The importance of medicinal plants in traditional health care practices, providing clues to new areas of drug research and biodiversity conservation is now well recognized. Cassia auriculata L.belonging to Family Leguminoseae, commonly known as Tarwad ,is a wild crop and grown in most parts of India as a weed. It is an Perennial shrub, 50-150 cm high. Leaves are pinnate, auricle like up to 10 cm long rachis grooved, conical gland between each of two lowest pairs of leaflet, leaflets in 3 pairs, opposite, abovate, oblong and base ablique. It grown in dry soil throughout tropical parts of India. According to Ayurveda the leaves are acrid, laxative, antiperiodic, anthelmintic, ophthalmic, liver tonic, cardiotonic and expecauriculatant. The present study gives an account on its pharmacognostical profile and its anthelmintic potential. This research paper presents microscopic characters, physicochemical evaluation, element detection, extractive values, and fluorescent analysis. The preliminary phytochemical screenings of various extracts was performed to establish the pharmacognostic profile of the leaves. The anthelmintic effect of petroleum ether extract of against worms like Pheritima posthuma by Ghosh et. al. method. It shows the very good anthelmintic activity which was comparable with standard Piperazine citrate....
Calliandra surinamensis Benth. Leaves are used as an ingredient for a medicine against an eye sickness. The leaves and stem contain an unknown alkaloid and other Phytoconstituents. The pungent roots of C. surinamensis are purgative. Plant derived drugs have been an important part of the evolution of human, healthcare for thousands of years. Plant drugs were commonly used in India and China. Today a substantial number of drugs are developed from plants which are active against a number of diseases. Calliandra surinamensis are having many Phytoconstituents which are unknown and these may having their biological or therapeutic activities. Our phytochemical studies indicated that methanolic extract of C. surinamensis leaves contains alkaloid, Carbohydrate, Protein, Steroid and Glycosides....
Introduction: Medicago sativa Linn. (Alfalfa) is Fabaceae family plant used in traditional system of medicines. M. sativa is used to improve the memory, to cure kidney pain, cough, as a rejuvenator, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and in CNS disorders. With the view of its medicinal importance preliminary pharmacognostic and Phyto-chemical studies of the M. sativa were carried out. Methods: Detailed morphological and qualitative as well as quantitative microscopic studies were carried out. This was followed by Phytochemical screening of the species with quantification of total phenolic content. Results: Leaf surface microscopy of M. sativa shows Wavy-walled epidermal cells, Anisocytic as well as anomocytic stomata. The chief powder characteristics of M. sativa powder are horse-shoe shaped annular xylem vessels, pitted xylem vessels and abundant covering trichomes. Various quantitative microscopic parameters were also established. Alkaloid, Flavanoid, phenols, terpenoids, tannins, sterols and terpenoids were detected in M. Sativa plant extracts. Conclusion: The present work can serve as a useful tool in the identification, authentication and standardization of the plant material....
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